Rochelle Kopp, Ohono Kazumoto「英語の品格」ﾒﾓ
Rochelle Kopp, Ohono Kazumoto「英語の品格」メモ
第4章 品格のある英語で好感度を上げるコツ
ビジネス実践編2------------------------------------------------
話しにくいことを切り出す方法
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・話しにくいことを切り出すためには、まずそれを認める言い方をする。1. I realize that this is a sensitive topic, ...
2. I don't want to step on anyone's toes here, ...
3. I realize that some people have strong feelings about this, ...
4. This is hard for me to bring up, ...
5. This is hard for me to talk about, ...
6. I don't want to be a bull in a china shop, ...
・次に「どうしても話さなければならない」ということを伝える。1. ...but I do think that it's important to discuss this.
2. ...but it is something we need to talk about.
3. ...but it is something that needs to be addressed.
4. ...but we do need to get this on the table.
5. ...but I think this is something that should not be ignored.
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本題に入りたいとき
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・なるべく早く本題に入りたいとき。1. Let's not beat around the bush.
2. Let's get down to the nitty-gritty.
3. Let's cut to the chase.
4. The bottom line is ...
5. Getting straight to the heart of the matter ...
6. The key issue here is ...
7. I think we should focus on ...
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言い換えたい場合
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・何かを説明する際、別の表現や言い回しにすると効果的。
・突然言い換えるのではなく、以下のような表現を挟むと会話がスムーズに流れる。1. Let me put it another way.
2. In other words, ...
3. Another way to say that would be ...
4. What I means is ...
5. To clariy that, ...
6. What I really want to say here is ...
7. What I mean by that is ...
8. What I meant by that is ...
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「・・・ということにしましょう」と言いたい場合
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・情報を渡さなかった（聞かなかった）ことにしてほしい場合1. I didn't give it to you.
2. I didn't say that.
3. You didn't hear it from me.
・「・・・ということにしよう」と言いたい場合1. Let's act as if we didn't see each other today.
2. Let's pretend I didn't hear anything.
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急ぎではないと伝える場合
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・頼んだ仕事が至急でない場合1. It's not urgent.
2. It's not a rush.
3. It's no rush.
4. Let's put it on the back burner for now.
5. Let's set this aside for the time being.
6. It can wait.
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急ぎたい場合
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・何かを優先させたい場合1. Let's prioritize this.
2. Let's make sure this goes done first.
3. Let's make this priority Number One.
4. This should be our top priority.
5. Let's put this at the top of our agenda [to-do list].
＜agenda＞
・「やろうとしていること」というニュアンスをもつ。
・会議の場合は「議題」
・それ以外のときは「課題」、「政策」を意味することもある。
・hidden agenda（隠された思惑）という表現もある。
・これは ulterior motive（下心）と同じ意味。
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話の脱線を指示したいとき
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1. Your are digressing. [直接的な表現]
2. That's a bit off the topic.
3. That's getting into a different subject.
4. We seem to have gotten away from the main point.
5. I'm afraid that you've gone off on a tangent.
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「また合いましょう」「ご無沙汰しております」と伝えたいとき
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・下の表現は、合わないことが前提になっているように聞こえるため、あまり使われない。× I hope to see you again.
○ I hope we cross paths again soon.
※ cross paths：「自然に（意図的にではなく）出くわす」
・「連絡を取り合おう」と言いたいときに使う表現。
1. Let's keep in touch.
2. Let's stay in touch.
3. Don't be a stranger. [カジュアルな表現]
4. Long time no see.
5. It's been a long time (since we last spoke).
・「ご無沙汰しております」と言う場合。
1. I'm sorry to have been out of touch for so long.
2. I'm sorry to have been such a poor correspondent.
・「こんなところで（あなたに会うなんて）偶然ですね」と言いたい場合。
1. Fnacy meeting you here.
2. Speak of the devil.(うわさをすれば影）[カジュアルな表現]
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気の利いた表現で会話を豊かにする
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・heads-up：注意、警告
・give me a heads-pu：事前に教えてくださいという軽いニュアンス
1. Just give me a heads-up on the 9th when you want to drop by.2.I don't know exaclty when it will be ready to send to you, but I just want to give you a heads-up that I'll have a translation request for you sometime in the next few weeks.
Thanks for the heads-up.
・touch base：連絡する。（短い会話で、相手に意見や情報を聞くこと）
1. I'll touch base with you after my business trip.
2. Please touch base with Susan before you call the customer.
・wrap up：何かを終了する、まとめる。
1. After I wrap up things here at the office I plan to go to the gym.
2. We expect to wrap up work on the Smith project by Tuesday.
3. We're getting close to the scheduled ending time for this meeting, so let's wrap up.
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うまくいかなかったときの英語
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・ How did it go?（どうだった？）と聞かれて「うまくいかなかった」と言いたいとき。1. Things just didn't work out.
2. It didn't go as well as expected.
3. It didn't meet our expectations.
4. There was some room for improvemnt.
5. We would have liked it to better.
6. It was disappointing.
・人を採用して、うまくいかなかったとき。
1. It wasn't a good fit.（その人は[会社に、あるいは私に]合わなかった）
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no を使わない否定
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・「あなたが言いたいことは分かります」ということを伝えつつ、賛同を示さないためには、次のような表現を使う。1. I see your point.
2. I recognize where you are coming from.
3. I hear you.
4. I understand what you mean.
5. Thank you for your opinion.このあとに、butあるいはhoweverと言って、賛成ではないことを伝える。
・least は否定を表す婉曲的な英語を話すために欠かせない便利な単語。1. I like this least of all.
2. I don't mind in the least.
3. It's the least apperaling option to me.
4. That's the least of my worries.
5. That's the least of my problems.
6. To say the least...
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プライバシーについて
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・アメリカ人はプライベートなことを職場で話すのを好まない傾向にある。
・That's personal. と言われたら、それ以上追求してはいけない。
・あまり話したくないことを聞かれた場合は以下のように断る。I would rather not talk about it.
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間違えたと思ったときに言い直す方法
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・相手の反応がおかしいと思ったときは、自分の意図が正しく相手に伝わっていない場合があるので、次のように言い、誤解を解く。1. Did I say something strange?
2. Was there a problem with something I said?
3. Perhaps I didn't say that well. What I meant is ...
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なんとかします
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1. We'll take care of it.
2. We'll deal with it.
3. We'll handle it.・少し硬めの言い方
1. We'll decide how to handle it.
2. We'll figure out the best way to deal with the situation.
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「明日までに仕上げてよ」と言われ、できそうにないとき
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1. Unfortunately, I don't think that's realistic.
2. Of course I'll do my best, but I'm afraid that even if I stay up all night working on it, there's not enough time to get it done.
3. In order to get it done by tomorrow, I would have to cut a lot of corners. Is that alright with you? Personally I would prefer to have more time so that I can do a better job.cuto corners：手を抜く、近道をする
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「今日はこれでおしまいにしましょう」と言いたいとき
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・時間が来てしまい、仕事を切り上げなければならないとき。1. Let's wrap things up for today and continue this discussion tomorrow.
2. We've covered a lot today. Let's stop here and pick this up tomorrow morning.
3. I think we've reached a good stopping point for today.
4. What do you say we call it quits for today?
5. Let's finish up for today and start fresh tomorrow.
6. I have to take so much of your time since I know that your are busy.
7. I'd better let you go home.
8. Let's call it a day, and pick up where we left off in the morning.
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感謝の表し方
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・appreciateを使うとより洗練して聞こえる。1. I really appreciate you sticking up for me [siding with me] in the meeting.
2. △ I'm grateful for your assistance.
◎ I appriciate your help-------------------------------------
成果を上げたときにほめる表現
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・ストレートなほめ言葉1. What you did is making a difference.
2. What you did has had a big impact.
3. What you did has been an excellent contribution.
4. What you did is proving to be very useful.
5. What you did has made things easier for me.
6. What you did was very meaningful.
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ほめられたときの答え方
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・素直に「ありがとう」と受け入れる1. Thanks, I'm glad you think so.
2. You flatter me!
（ほめられて恐縮のニュアンス）
3. That's very kind [nice] of you say.
4. It makes me happy to hear you say that.
5. Thanks so much!
6. Thank you. I'm so glad to hear that.
7. I'm so glad to haer your kind words.
8. That's a very nice compliment coming from an expert like you.
9. That's a very nice compliment coming from someone with your good taste.
10. That's a very nice compliment coming from someone like you who has so much experience in this area.
11. Thanks, I'm doing my best.
12. Thanks, I still have a lot to learn.
13. Thanks, I've been working on this.
14. Thanks, it's something I've been working on.
15. Thanks, it's something I am proud of.
16. Thanks, it's something I really enjoy.
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「昇進祝い」はどう言うか？
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1. Congratualtions on your promotion.
2. This is a big accomplishment for you.
3. You should be proud of yourself.
4. It's great to see the fruits of one's labors.
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「がんばって」をどう言うか？
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1. Good luck!
2. Do your best!
3. Go for it!
4. I hope everything goes well.
5. Hang in there!
6. I'm counting on you!
7. We're all cheering you on.
8. I'm crossing my fingers for you.
9. Please give it your all.
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仲間内での挨拶
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・親しい間柄で使う「元気？」のカジュアルな言い方。1. What's up?
2. How's it going?
3. How are you doing?
・こういった問いかけへの万能の答え。1. Not much.
2. I've been busy.
・しばらく会っていない人に対して1. What have you been up to?
・こ質問に対する答え1. I've been working on a big project.
2. My boss has been keeping me busy.
・下記は「何を企んでいるの？」というネガティブなニュアンスがあり、要注意。What are you up to?
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品のない英語への対策
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× What the hell!（なんてこった！） → ○ What the heck!
damun（くそっ） → darn（しまった）
bullshit（でたらめ） → garbage（ごみ）
It sucks.（ひどい） → It stinks.（ひどい）
asshole（ばか者） → jerk（嫌な奴）
shit → rats（しまった）、snap（しまった）
shitty（ひどく劣った） → terrible（ひどく劣った）
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話題を変えたいとき
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1. Let's change the subject.
2. Let's talk about something different.
3. By the way ...
4. That reminds me ...
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交渉のための英語
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・ホテルでトラブルがあったとき1. I wouod like to change to another room because the air conditioner is broken.
2. There's a problem in my room. The toilet does not flush properly. I don't want to wait until you fix it, so I would like to chage to another room.
3. I don't care for this room. It's too noisy. I would prefer a room farther away from the ice machine.
・don't care for... は don't like ...よりも間接的で丁寧で好ましい表現。
・like ... better よりも would prefer のほうが洗練された印象になる。
・急な予約を入れたい場合
1. Can you squeeze me in today?
2. Can you fit me in today somehow?
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値段の交渉をしたいとき
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・値引きしてもらいたいとき。1. That's a little more than I was planning to spend.
2. I'm afrai that that's more than my budget.
3. I was hoping to spend less than that.
4. Oh, that's a bit much for me.
5. Ah, that's too bad because the upper limt of what I can spend is $50.
・間接的に買わないという意志を伝えたいとき。1. Let me think about it.
2. I'd like to go back and discuss this with my spouse.
3. I need a little time to cosnider such a big purchase.
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クレーム(complaint）のつけ方
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・何にどうしてクレームをつけているかを丁寧に説明する必要がある。
・日本語のクレームの語原 "claim" は「苦情」という意味ではなく、「正当な権利の主張」の意。
・日本語のクレームにあたる英語は "complaint"。1. It was broken when I took in out of the box.
2. It doesn't work properly.
3. I changed my mind.
4. I decided that I don't need it after all.
5. It wasn't the right size.
6. I found something else I liked better at another store.
7. I had second thoughts.
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学歴を聞くには
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・アメリカでは出身大学で人を判断しない考え方が一般的。
・出身大学よりも、何を勉強したかを聞くほうが適切。1. What did you study in college?
2. What was your major in colege?
・出身大学をどしても聞きたい場合は間接的に質問する。
× Where did you to to college?
○ Did you go to a college near here (in this area)?
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出身地の聞き方
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・アメリカでは、出身地を直接的に聞くことは、生まれや出身で差別していると受け取られることがある。
・間接的な表現を使う。× Where were you born?
× Where are you from?
○ Are you from around here originally?
○ Do you speak any languages other than English?
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名前の由来を聞けるか？
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・アメリカ人は差別に敏感。
・名前から国籍、人種、民族などを推測されると、不快に感じことがある。
・相手と仲良くなるまで、名前に関する質問は待つ。1. I'm curious about your name. What's the origin of it?
2. That's a distinctive name. How did your parents choose it?
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立食パーティの英語
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・会話を切り上げるときの３ステップ
(1) 感謝する
(2) 切り上げる理由（口実）を言う
(3) 今後も関係を続けたいとの意を伝える
(1) 感謝する
1. It was really great talking with you.
2. I'm so glad I got the chance to meet you.
3. I've really enjoyed our conversation.
4. Thanks for taking the time to talk with me.
5. It was very interesting hearing about your company [you job experiences, your opinions about ...].
6. I learned a lot from talking with you.
7. XX Company is lucky to have such a good person on their team.
(2) 切り上げる理由（口実）を言う
1. I'm going to go get something to drink.
2. I'm going to mingle a little bit more.
3. I don't want to monopolize your time.
4. I'm sure that you want to talk to some of the other people here.
5. There are some other people here I'd like to catch up with also.
6. I should probably keep circulating.
(3) 今後も関係を続けたいとの意を伝える
1. Let's keep in touch.
2. Let me know if you ever need any information about...
3. Here's my card. Let's keep in touch.
・アメリカでは、会話の最後に今後も連絡を取り合いたい人とだけ名詞交換する。
・相手ともっとはなしたい場合は次のように言う
1. I'm interested to hear more about what you mentioned a few minutes ago. Shall we get together for lunch or coffee sometime to discuss it more?
2. I'd like to bring my collague by to introduce to you. Would you have some time next week?
・あまり乗り気でないとき（やんわりと断る）
1. Let me check and see if he would be comfortable with that.
2. He's really busy right now. Why don't we wait a while?
・会話が途切れ、話題を変えたいとき
1. So, have you seen any good movies lately?
・自己紹介して会話をはじめるとき
1. Hi, my name is ... Do you come to these events frequently?
2. What is your connection with the host [the sponsoring organization?]
3. What's your interest in today's topic. [theme]?
・知らない人たちの会話に入り込みたいとき
1. Hi, I don't know anybody here, so I'm just randomly introducing myself to people!
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お悔やみの表現と手紙
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・英語でお悔やみの気持ちを表現するときに短すぎると、気持ちが入っていないように聞こえてしまう。
・「死ぬ」のような縁起の良くない表現を使うときは、pass away、pass on 、passなどの間接的な表現を使のが礼儀。
1. Her father passed away yesterday.
2. Her husband passed on last month.
3. His sister passed last year.
・ガンで亡くなった人の場合
She lost her battle with cancer.
・知人が亡くなったこと聞いたとき1. I'm sorry to hear that. Had he been sick for a long time?
・アメリカは、「言葉でコミュニケーションしなければならない文化」と「感情を表現する文化」が深く根付いた国。
・アメリカ人にとって、お悔やみの手紙を出したり、相手を思いやるメッセージを送ったりすることはとても重要。
・お悔やみの手紙に使える表現1. Please accept my sincere condolences on your loss.
2. I was so shocked and saddened to hear about his sudden passing.
3. My heart goes out to you in this difficult time.
4. He was a wonderful person, and was always very kind to me.
5. He will be much missed by all of us.
6. May he rest in peace.
